下面演示的是Lucene-3.6.2中搜索的时候
通过自定义QueryParser的方式实现禁用模糊和通配符搜索，以及扩展基于数字和日期的搜索等功能（详见代码注释）
package com.xuanyuv.lucene;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.document.NumericField;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.ParseException;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
import com.xuanyuv.custom.MyQueryParser;
/**
* Lucene系列第09节之高级搜索之QueryParser
* Created by 玄玉<https://www.xuanyuv.com/> on 2013/08/19 14:07.
*/
public class AdvancedSearch {
private Directory directory;
private IndexReader reader;
public AdvancedSearch(){
/** 文件大小 */
int[] sizes = {90, 10, 20, 10, 60, 50};
/** 文件名 */
String[] names = {"Michael.java", "Scofield.ini", "Tbag.txt", "Jack", "Jade", "Xuanyu"};
/** 文件内容 */
String[] contents = {"my blog is https://www.xuanyuv.com/",
"my github is https://github.com/xuanyuv",
"my name is Xuanyu",
"I am a Java Developer",
"I am from Haerbin",
"I like java of Lucene"};
/** 文件日期 */
Date[] dates = new Date[sizes.length];
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss");
IndexWriter writer = null;
Document doc = null;
try {
dates[0] = sdf.parse("20130407 15:25:30");
dates[1] = sdf.parse("20130407 16:30:45");
dates[2] = sdf.parse("20130213 11:15:25");
dates[3] = sdf.parse("20130808 09:30:55");
dates[4] = sdf.parse("20130526 13:54:22");
dates[5] = sdf.parse("20130701 17:35:34");
directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("myExample/01_index/"));
writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_36, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_36)));
writer.deleteAll();
for(int i=0; i<sizes.length; i++){
doc = new Document();
doc.add(new NumericField("size",Field.Store.YES, true).setIntValue(sizes[i]));
doc.add(new Field("name", names[i], Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
doc.add(new Field("content", contents[i], Field.Store.NO, Field.Index.ANALYZED));
doc.add(new NumericField("date", Field.Store.YES, true).setLongValue(dates[i].getTime()));
writer.addDocument(doc);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(null != writer){
try {
writer.close();
} catch (IOException ce) {
ce.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 获取IndexReader实例
*/
private IndexReader getIndexReader(){
try {
if(reader == null){
reader = IndexReader.open(directory);
}else{
//if the index was changed since the provided reader was opened, open and return a new reader; else,return null
//如果当前reader在打开期间index发生改变，则打开并返回一个新的IndexReader，否则返回null
IndexReader ir = IndexReader.openIfChanged(reader);
if(ir != null){
reader.close(); //关闭原reader
reader = ir; //赋予新reader
}
}
return reader;
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null; //发生异常则返回null
}
/**
* 自定义QueryParser的搜索
* @param expr 搜索的表达式
*/
public void searchByCustomQueryParser(String expr){
IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(this.getIndexReader());
QueryParser parser = new MyQueryParser(Version.LUCENE_36, "content", new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_36));
try {
Query query = parser.parse(expr);
TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, 10);
for(ScoreDoc sd : tds.scoreDocs){
Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
System.out.print("文档编号=" + sd.doc + " 文档权值=" + doc.getBoost() + " 文档评分=" + sd.score + " ");
System.out.print("size=" + doc.get("size") + " date=");
System.out.print(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date(Long.parseLong(doc.get("date")))));
System.out.println(" name=" + doc.get("name"));
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(null != searcher){
try {
//记得关闭IndexSearcher
searcher.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 测试一下搜索效果
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
AdvancedSearch advancedSearch = new AdvancedSearch();
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("name:Jadk~");
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("name:Ja??er");
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("name:Jade");
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("name:[h TO n]");
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("size:[20 TO 80]");
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
advancedSearch.searchByCustomQueryParser("date:[20130407 TO 20130701]");
}
}
下面是自定义的MyQueryParser.java
这里主要实现了以下两个功能
1、禁用模糊搜索和通配符搜索，以提高搜索性能
2、扩展基于数字和日期的搜索，使之支持数字和日期的搜索
package com.xuanyuv.custom;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.ParseException;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.NumericRangeQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
/**
* 自定义QueryParser
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 实际使用QueryParser的过程中，通常会考虑两个问题
* 1)限制性能低的QueryParser--对于某些QueryParser在搜索时会使得性能降低，故考虑禁用这些搜索以提升性能
* 2)扩展基于数字和日期的搜索---有时需要进行一个数字的范围搜索，故需扩展原有的QueryParser才能实现此搜索
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 限制性能低的QueryParser
* 继承QueryParser类并重载相应方法，比如getFuzzyQuery和getWildcardQuery
* 这样造成的结果就是，当输入普通的搜索表达式时，如'I AND Haerbin'可以正常搜索
* 但输入'name:Jadk~'或者'name:Ja??er'时，就会执行到重载方法中，这时就可以自行处理了，比如本例中禁止该功能
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 扩展基于数字和日期的查询
* 思路就是继承QueryParser类后重载getRangeQuery()方法
* 再针对数字和日期的'域'，做特殊处理（使用NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange()方法来搜索）
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Created by 玄玉<https://www.xuanyuv.com/> on 2013/08/06 16:13.
*/
public class MyQueryParser extends QueryParser {
public MyQueryParser(Version matchVersion, String f, Analyzer a) {
super(matchVersion, f, a);
}
@Override
protected Query getWildcardQuery(String field, String termStr) throws ParseException {
throw new ParseException("由于性能原因，已禁用通配符搜索，请输入更精确的信息进行搜索 ^_^ ^_^");
}
@Override
protected Query getFuzzyQuery(String field, String termStr, float minSimilarity) throws ParseException {
throw new ParseException("由于性能原因，已禁用模糊搜索，请输入更精确的信息进行搜索 ^_^ ^_^");
}
@Override
protected Query getRangeQuery(String field, String part1, String part2, boolean inclusive) throws ParseException {
if(field.equals("size")){
//默认的QueryParser.parse(String query)表达式中并不支持'size:[20 TO 80]'数字的域值
//这样一来，针对数字的域值进行特殊处理，那么QueryParser表达式就支持数字了
return NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange(field, Integer.parseInt(part1), Integer.parseInt(part2), inclusive, inclusive);
}else if(field.equals("date")){
String regex = "\\d{8}";
String dateType = "yyyyMMdd";
if(Pattern.matches(regex, part1) && Pattern.matches(regex, part2)){
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateType);
try {
long min = sdf.parse(part1).getTime();
long max = sdf.parse(part2).getTime();
//使之支持日期的检索，应用时直接QueryParser.parse("date:[20130407 TO 20130701]")
return NumericRangeQuery.newLongRange(field, min, max, inclusive, inclusive);
} catch (java.text.ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}else{
throw new ParseException("Unknown date format, please use '" + dateType + "'");
}
}
//如没找到匹配的Field域，那么返回默认的TermRangeQuery
return super.getRangeQuery(field, part1, part2, inclusive);
}
}